About three years ago, on January 27, 2006, Lars Holmgre, President of Arjeplog Test Management (ATM, Sweden), came to Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia, China. Yakeshi City. Founded in 2001, Atom Company has only one customer - German Bosch Company. Atom offers various maintenance of winter testing grounds and testing of automotive product projects. This time, Holm Gree's mission is to investigate a winter automotive test site for Bosch, for chassis electronics - ABS (Antilock Braking System), TCS (Traction Control System) and ESP® (Electronic Stability Program) etc. - matches. Yakeshi is one of the four options they chose in China. The other three are Mudanjiang, Heihe and Jiamusi. At that time, Bosch's expectation of the project was that the total investment was about 300 to 500 million yuan (in two phases). The test track included an artificial lake with an area of ​​about 1 million square meters and a considerable length, width, and high-precision ground. Test the runway; build about 2 km of the ordinary test channel under the natural environment and test buildings, offices and other buildings, land area of ​​500,000 square meters. Two years later, in November 2008, when the Bosch (Hulunbeier) Automotive Testing Technology Center in Yakeshi was officially opened, the site area was magnified: the lake test area was 1.32 million square meters, and land testing was conducted. The area is 540,000 square meters. This is only the first phase of the project, and the total investment will only cost 150 million yuan. Bosch said that after it is completed, it will be the largest winter testing ground in Asia. However, what Bosch plans is not as simple as a testing ground. Jiang Jingfang, director of marketing and sales control for Bosch Chassis Control Systems in China, told reporters that the matching process between ABS and ESP® and the vehicle is generally to get the prototype to do the winter test. After the first test, the ABS and engine management system and CAN Problems that arise between the bus and the suspension ECU require several parties to sit down and discuss the parameters. Then do the summer test and make further adjustments before doing the winter test. She said: “ABS can be done in winter and summer, and ESP® needs to be matched with the engine, so we have to do another winter test.†Prior to the launch of the Yakeshi test site, Bosch did winter tests for Chinese customers. To get Sweden to do it will not only cost but also time. Werner Struth, president of Bosch Chassis Systems Controls, said: “Our strategy is to serve the locals locally. Testing is very important for ESP® development. This is why we are investing in the construction of a winter testing ground in Yakeshi.†In the view of Bosch, the construction of the Yakeshi test site will help Bosch to shorten the product matching time for local customers to a large extent, thereby increasing more local orders. The obvious fact is that while building the Yakeshi Winter Testing Ground, the production capacity of Bosch Automotive Components (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. has also increased in a planned way. At the end of 2007, there was only one production line for wheel speed sensors, which produced 2 million pieces per year. ESP® and ABS shared two production lines at the same time, producing 600,000 pieces per year. By 2010, the number of wheel speed sensor production lines will increase to 15 with a production capacity of 15 million pieces, and ESP® and ABS production lines will reach 5, with an annual output of 2.5 million pieces. 2010 is exactly the second phase of completion of the Yakeshi test site in the Bosch project. In fact, in the cold winter of Yakeshi, Bosch planted the greatest hope for the coming spring. Best location Yakeshi is not the coldest winter in several locations selected by Bosch. Although there are seven months of snow and ice every year, and the minimum temperature reaches 40 degrees below zero, but according to recent data, the average annual snowfall in October here is 2 cm, and the highest average snowfall in February is 30 cm. What attracts Bosch here is mainly the more flat and stable ice testing ground that Yakeshi can provide. On the other hand, Yakeshi is more remote and unfamiliar than other alternative areas. Near Phoenix Mountain, where the Bosch Test Site is located, all eyes are white snow and bushes. The low mountains and ridges surround the test area and protect the secretiveness of the test vehicles. Many people believe that the frozen lake in winter is a natural ice-trial site. The actual situation is not so simple. Only low temperatures and snow and ice do not necessarily form a good testing ground. Herbert Hemming, Executive Vice President of Bosch Chassis Control Systems, participated in the construction of the Bosch Swedish Winter Testing Center many years ago. It was Bosch's first global winter testing center. He said: "With years of development, we have made progress in many areas, such as ice making, ice polishing, etc. The technology has become more and more advanced. But in the early days, there have been many mistakes in the center of Sweden. Now we can avoid The detour it took.†The test site needs to simulate the real road environment. This real environment cannot be easily modified. The land test site consists of a test road with different adhesion coefficient road surfaces, and a number of slopes with different slopes and road segments. The ice surface testing site includes a polished ice surface and a compacted snow surface to simulate low adhesion coefficient road conditions, as well as a snow and ice loop, a control road and a dynamic test area. For the test site, Bosch's requirement is that there should not be large areas of undulations, depressions, or ice seams on the surface of the lake in winter, and that the land runway should not be deformed or undulating. In order to meet Bosch's requirements for the lake, the Yakeshi government has invested 35 million yuan, including artificial lake dam projects and lake bottom anti-seepage membranes. Local government officials told the Automotive Business Review that even with the impermeable membrane, depressions and ice seams appeared in the winter 2007 test. In the winter of 2008, through research, they measured the rhythm of water injection, water volume, and water temperature by measuring the water temperature in the lake to ensure that no ice surface deformation occurred. In the construction of the land test track, German experts asked them to open the permafrost and then lay the roadbed. Of these test tracks, except for slopes, which are mainly used for TCS matching, all test runways can be matched with ABS, TCS, and ESP®. In the numerous tests that may be performed in the test field in the future, the road surface indicators should be constant at all times, so as to ensure the consistency and comparability of the test results. For example, three ice ramps are mainly used for TCS matching, with slopes of 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. This angle will not change anywhere, whether it be in Suzhou, Sweden, or Yakeshi, and the coefficient of friction must be the same. The Bosch Yakeshi Proving Ground can accommodate 70-80 test items a year, and a large number of Bosch test engineers will be stationed here in winter. According to the plan scheduled by Bosch, there will be more than 40 engineers doing vehicle matching in 2009. Each engineer will be responsible for one project and will not cross over. At present, from the perspective of test items, Bosch's more advanced technologies are still being carried out in Sweden. However, as Chinese customers' demands increase, Bosch plans to gradually move some advanced tests to Yakeshi and provide local customers with ABS and ESP. In addition to the matching testing services of ® and TCS, it will also take tests of advanced systems such as CAPS (integrated active and passive safety systems) and VDM (Vehicle Dynamics Management System). [next] Break through cost barriers After several years of construction, Bosch's engineering and technology center in China has been able to provide full support for ABS and ESP®. From the initial definition, R&D, matching, and verification to production, Bosch has conducted all of its activities in China. However, this is still not enough to eliminate the cost concerns of Chinese companies. “Generally speaking, 60% need to be performed in a simulation environment, such as parametric simulation, software simulation, and 40% need to be tested in actual road conditions, which can make the product performance be verified.†Schwiner said, “ABS matching, from getting the whole At the beginning of the car prototype, engineers need to complete the match in about 1 year. First, select the approximate model and then gradually correct it.†If a new model is to be equipped with Bosch ESP®, the entire package will cost about several million yuan or even tens of millions of yuan. An open source shows that Bosch matches ESP® for a single model, with an average cost of 2 million yuan. about. Therefore, even if Bosch realizes that only 7% of the vehicles in the Chinese market are equipped with ESP®, and there is a large gap between the installation ratio of 34% in the international market, its growth potential in the Chinese market remains calm. Haiming said: "In small cars, ESP® is still mostly optional, and we will continue to reduce costs so that it can be accepted by more people." One way to reduce costs is to increase the localization rate. At present Bosch's localization rates for ABS, TCS, and ESP® in China are around 60%, and they hope to increase to 90% in 2010. A greater reduction in costs may be Bosch's ninth-generation ESP®, which entered the Chinese market in 2011, and will be mass-produced in 2010 overseas. The ninth-generation ESP® is a modular design that uses the same software as the ninth-generation ABS. Now that ABS matching takes 12 to 18 months, the new generation of products takes only 6 to 9 months. Because in the eighth generation, ABS and ESP® matching are separate, using different software. Jiang Jingfang said: "In the new generation of products, the two are made with the same software, so that customers can only give me a match car can do two products match." The Plug-In ABS and ESP® that Bosch is working on will also be more suitable for low-cost vehicles with the advent of next-generation products. Bosch has done many matching tests of similar products and accumulated large amounts of data. Therefore, Bosch Germany R&D Center hopes to form a more appropriate solution through the database, and then conduct road tests according to the customer's vehicle, and it can be matched well without a long time. . They have already made experimental developments for the Tata Nano and Volkswagen Polo models. Current test results show that there is no major difference in performance between plug-in and standard ABS. This may be more suitable for Chinese customers because Chinese customers generally require standard ABS and ESP® and do not add much value-added features. The standard means more reproducibility. Schwiner told reporters that he hopes to see the ESP® installation rate in the Chinese automotive market reach 18% within four years, more than double the current level. Electronic Counting And Filling Machine
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