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China Instrument Network Instrument R & D As the old saying goes, "A frozen lake doesn't freeze in a single day." In northern China, winter temperatures often drop below 0°C, causing wet soil to freeze. This phenomenon is known as frozen soil in meteorology.
Frozen soil observation involves measuring the timing of soil freezing, the depth of freezing, and its upper and lower boundaries. China has an area of about 2.148 million square kilometers of permafrost, mainly found on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Xing'an Mountains. The data collected from frozen soil observations plays a crucial role in infrastructure development, transportation projects, and agricultural water management.
The depth of frozen soil significantly impacts agricultural practices, building construction, road and bridge design, and railway planning. Monitoring frozen soil is also one of the essential tasks for meteorological stations across China. Currently, the measurement of frozen soil depth in China is done manually, which is time-consuming and can lead to inconsistencies in judgment and results.
On December 3, it was reported by the Liaoning Provincial Meteorological Bureau that the Liaoning Meteorological Equipment Support Center has signed an agreement with Tianyi (Tianjin) Meteorological Instrument Co., Ltd. to officially transfer the technology and equipment for temperature-measuring frozen soil automatic observation. This marks a significant breakthrough in the transformation of meteorological science and technology achievements in Liaoning.
Since 2013, the Liaoning Meteorological Bureau has been developing an automatic observation instrument for frozen soil with high temporal resolution. The system was completed and accepted this September, capable of detecting soil depths ranging from 0.5 meters to 4.5 meters.
The temperature-measuring frozen soil automatic observation instrument developed by the Liaoning Meteorological Equipment Support Center uses a 12-bit digital single-bus temperature sensor. These sensors are placed every 1 cm vertically, collecting temperature data at each point every minute. This allows for accurate determination of the upper and lower boundaries and depth of frozen soil, providing critical data support for industrial and agricultural activities and improving the accuracy of temperature forecasting. Additionally, the equipment is technologically mature, stable, easy to trace, and highly resistant to interference, making it suitable for different frozen soil conditions across northern and southern China.
(Source: Baidu Library, China Meteorological News, Liaoning Daily)