With the rapid rise in sales of domestic new energy vehicles, the issue of the recovery and reuse of power batteries for new energy vehicles has also been put on the agenda.
“In general, a power battery with a capacity of less than 80% can no longer be used in new energy vehicles. However, this does not mean that the scrapped battery has lost its value. It can also be used as a storage or related power supply base station and street light. , low-speed electric body." Shanghai Jiaotong University Automotive Engineering Research Institute Deputy Dean Yin Chengliang said in an interview with reporters.
Based on foreign experience, both GM and Nissan have successfully used power battery cascades. “However, as far as I know, all current work in this area is still at the theoretical stage.†Yu Qingying, founder of China Battery Network, told reporters that in his view, “The state should introduce relevant policies to lead and encourage Enterprises will participate in the joint efforts to improve the recycling and utilization of power batteries so as to avoid the waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by lead-acid battery recycling."
Power battery sales growth
The so-called step-by-step utilization of the power lithium battery refers to the secondary use of the power battery after being disassembled, detected, and classified.
This reporter learned that before the large-scale promotion and application of new energy vehicles, the domestic consumer demand for lithium battery market is mainly concentrated in the 3C field, and because the lithium battery capacity of these products is relatively small, and the cost is not too high, so in the recycling Utilization has not received enough attention.
With the increase in sales of new energy vehicles, the demand for vehicle power batteries is further highlighted.
China Automobile Industry Association statistics show that in the first four months of this year, domestic sales of new energy vehicles reached 10,501, an increase of 154%. With the rapid growth of the new energy vehicle market, the recovery and reuse of power batteries urgently require solutions.
According to statistics, in 2013, the domestic lithium battery market demand exceeded 11 million KWH, of which, the demand for electric vehicle market (mainly new energy vehicles) accounted for 26.52%, exceeding 2.9 million KWH; in 2011, this figure was only About 96 million KWH. At the same time, according to data provided by the Research Institute of Lithium Industry, the proportion of domestic lithium-ion batteries used in mobile phones and laptops fell by 2 and 4 percentage points respectively, while that of electric vehicles and storage increased by 4 1 and 1 percentage point. In the future, with the heavy volume of new energy vehicle market, the demand for power lithium battery market will usher in explosive growth.
Relative to 3C products, new energy vehicle power battery accounts for up to 30% of the total vehicle cost, and as long as the battery capacity is less than 80%, it can no longer be used in new energy vehicles.
Theoretically speaking, after the power battery is eliminated, it can be completely used in new energy distributed power stations, disaster prevention bases, street lights, and communication base stations. "Comparatively, energy storage power stations have lower energy density requirements for lithium batteries," said Yin Chengliang.
According to Zhang Qian, deputy general manager of CCID Consulting Automotive Industry Research Center, if the use of energy battery cascades for new energy vehicles can be systematized and scaled up, there is no doubt that the production and use costs of new energy vehicles can be reduced. According to its introduction, prior to this, the cost of the 18650 cylindrical battery used by Tesla, an electric vehicle manufacturer, decreased by approximately 40% from 2007 to 2012 due to the implementation of recycling and the increase in scale.
"By stop-and-go" battery cascade utilization "From the current point of view, including the State Grid subordinates in Beijing, Zhejiang companies, are committed to the study of the power of the battery's energy, invest funds to start the use of research projects, but the progress is relatively slow. Sun Dongdong, a new energy analyst at OFweek Industry Research Center, told reporters.
“The market for electric vehicles has not yet been fully developed. In addition, the use of power batteries in order is theoretically feasible, but at the practical level, there are still many obstacles.†Luo Huanta, assistant to the senior vice president of lithium power industry, An interview with reporters said.
However, the problem is not only that. “According to the status quo of the industry, due to the different battery routes, battery specifications, and battery evaluation requirements of different automobile companies in China, it also caused excessive battery model, excessive production dispersion, and also for the post-market. 'That is the use of ladders to bring more difficulty.' Sun Dongdong said.
Apart from the technical aspect, it is clear that there are still problems in the industrial chain that need to be solved to promote the use of ladders. In Sun Dongdong's view, due to the situation in China's new energy auto industry chain, operators who rely solely on car prices, battery companies, or battery leasing have taken the initiative to lead the research on power battery utilization.
"Before the relevant industry chain has yet to form a complete closed loop, it should be promoted by the government to be more appropriate," Yu Qingjiao said.
In the "Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2012~2020)" issued in July 2012, the relevant government departments clearly stated that "the development of power battery recycling management measures, the establishment of dynamic battery cascade utilization and recovery management system, Identify the responsibilities, rights, and obligations of all parties concerned, guide the power battery manufacturing companies to strengthen the recycling of used batteries, and encourage the development of specialized battery recycling companies.†However, the power and responsibility of the recycling process are The bearer did not make specific provisions.