Concentrator site selection basis

First, the meaning and method of site selection
Beneficiation plant (including tailings, water and living areas, etc.) directly affect infrastructure investment site selection, construction progress, put into production and economic effects as well as the local environment and agricultural production, so it is a policy of pre-strong design work . The choice of site must implement the principles and policies of China's industrial construction, meet the process requirements, and reflect the long-term rationality of production and life.
The site selection work is generally carried out under the organization of the higher authorities or the construction unit, and the local government, relevant professional functional agencies and relevant personnel of the design unit will jointly conduct on-site reconnaissance on the possible sites, collect relevant information and listen to various opinions. On this basis, several site plans are proposed, and the best site plan is recommended through comprehensive technical and economic comparison.
Generally, small and medium-sized ore dressing plants or large-scale concentrating plants with simple site conditions can carry out site selection work at the feasibility study stage. For some large-scale concentrating plants with complicated conditions, the site selection work should be carried out separately before the feasibility study, and the site should be prepared. Select the report and submit it to the higher authorities for approval.
Second, the basic principles of site selection 1. The site of the ore dressing should generally be as close as possible to the mine. For the processing plant with rich ore or high concentrate yield, when the user is close to the mine or limited to water, electricity, fuel supply, etc., it can be close to the user or built in the user's factory area; when metal concentrator, concentrate in order to avoid losses during transportation, or concentrate drying user must have available waste heat, the construction can be considered close to the user (also construction, dewatering workshops provided to the user in the mine, concentrate The slurry is pumped to the dewatering workshop); when the mine resources are dispersed and the plant needs to be built in a centralized manner, it is advisable to choose the site between the mine and the user reasonably, so as to obtain the lowest combined freight rate for both the original mine and the concentrate.
2. The topography of the site should meet the needs of the beneficiation process. In addition to meeting the site area requirements, the site of the ore dressing site should meet the requirements of the slurry self-flow or semi-self-flow. Generally, the most suitable natural terrain slope for the crushing plant is about 25°, and the main building is about 15°. If there is no ideal terrain or flat construction, it is necessary to consider the drainage requirements of the plant. The natural terrain slope of the site is 4%~5%.
3. We must implement the principle of saving land. Under the premise of meeting the production needs, the site should occupy as little land as possible, especially if it does not occupy or occupy farmland. For the tailings pond with a large area, it is necessary to consider the conditions for reclamation.
4. The volume of the tailings pond should be compatible with the scale of the concentrator and the length of service. The topography of the site should be a valley or depression with a low concave shape to minimize earthwork. The location of the tailings pond should be as close as possible to the concentrator, and the conditions of the tailings self-flow or semi-self-flow should be considered as much as possible to save the tailings transportation costs.
5. The site of the ore dressing plant should be as close as possible to the water source, reducing the length and energy consumption of the water pipeline; when determining the water source, special attention should be paid not to compete with agriculture.
6. The concentrator should have a reliable power source. Anyone who uses the power grid to supply power should use it as much as possible, and try to shorten the length of the transmission line. [next]
7. Select the site to consider appropriate transportation conditions. Railway transport to facilitate the integration with the national trunk, reducing the length of the dedicated lines; road transport to facilitate the interface with the national highway; water transport to make best use existing quay or pier newly selected place.
8. The concentrator should be avoided in the ore body, the magnetic anomaly zone, the collapse limit and the blasting danger zone.
9. The site of the ore dressing plant should have good engineering geological conditions. Buildings should be avoided on faults, landslides and flood levels. Avoid caves, silt, humus, potholes, ancient wells and other bad areas or cultural relics. protected area. The soil carrying capacity of the plant area is generally required to be greater than 100kN/m ² , and the soil of the building where the crushing plant, main plant, and mine bin are located should be no less than 200kN/m ² . It is not advisable to build a plant in a seismic zone of level 9 or above or a collapsible loess zone of level 3.
10. Pay attention to environmental protection. The site of the concentrator should be selected as far as possible in the downwind direction of towns or residential areas, and consider the “three wastes” treatment conditions to minimize the pollution of dust, smoke and other emissions to the environment.
11. The location of the living area of ​​the beneficiation plant should be selected on the principle of favorable production, convenient living and full cooperation.
12. According to the situation of mine resources, when the scale of the ore dressing plant is expanded, the site should have room for development.
Third, the comparison of site plans and site selection report site selection should be based on detailed investigation and research, multi-program comprehensive technical and economic comparison. Infrastructure investment and operating expenses must be calculated for each option. For the comparison of the site plan, refer to Table 1 and Table 2. Comparisons are usually only made on comparable projects, and projects with the same investment and operating expenses are not included in the comparison, which saves the workload without affecting the accuracy of the comparison.
After completing the site plan investigation and research and comprehensive technical and economic comparison, the site selection report can be prepared. The main contents of the report generally include:
(1) The basis for the site selection work, the opinions and requirements of the superior competent department and the construction unit for the site selection, the basic materials, the scale of the concentrator and the possible production processes, and the organization of the site selection;
(2) The main situation of each site plan;
(3) Comparison of site plans;
(4) The best solution for comprehensive analysis and recommendation;
(5) The opinions of the relevant local departments on the recommended plan;
(6) Attached to each site plan map. [next]