Part of the design. In order to measure the contour size shown in Fig. i, the following method is often used: a reference surface corpse is selected, and then the dimension W at a different distance L from the reference plane p is measured. This requires measurement in addition to measuring W. L. At present, there are mainly three kinds of measuring methods for completing this method in engineering practice: one is to measure by scribing, use a dash ruler at a distance L from the reference plane P, and then use a gauge such as a caliper. The method of measuring the size W at the scribe line is simple and easy, but the measurement is not accurate. The second is to use the contact coordinate measuring machine tool to obtain the size W by measuring the coordinates of the two points d and 5. This method is accurate, but the measuring time is long and the efficiency is low. The third is to use an optical projector, which is also obtained by measuring the coordinates of the two points A and B. This method is accurate and efficient, but requires the measured point to be at the maximum contour, otherwise projected in the shadow area. Can't measure it. Although the coordinate measuring machine is awkward in the measurement of the profile shown, and requires a certain post-processing 1, the coordinate measuring machine is widely used for its application. Therefore, based on the existing CMM, a dual-probe contact coordinate measuring machine is proposed. It retains the coordinate measurement function of the existing contact coordinate measuring machine, and can also measure the contour size quickly and efficiently. 1 Institutional design In terms of the design selection of the mechanism, the principle we have drawn is: adding a probe to the structure of the existing contact coordinate measuring machine, using a dual probe; the movement of the two probes in at least one coordinate direction is independent of each other. Therefore, it can measure the coordinates of two points at the same time, breaking the limitation of the point-by-point measurement by using a probe with the existing contact coordinate measuring machine, so as to quickly obtain the measured size. At present, the structure of the coordinate measuring machine is extremely diverse, but it can be summarized as follows: 2'31: cantilever type, horizontal arm type, single column type, double column type, gantry type and bridge type. Careful study of the advantages and disadvantages of these six types of coordinate measuring machine structure, the structure of the gantry and double column cantilever measuring machine is more suitable for the dual probe contact coordinate measuring machine. The structure of the double-column cantilever measuring machine has the advantages of wide field of view and large working space, which is suitable for measuring large workpieces. The disadvantage is that the floor space is large and the operation is inconvenient. If the double probe contact coordinate measuring machine adopts this structure, it is necessary to add a synchronizing device in the X direction to link the two columns in the X direction to achieve the purpose of measuring the contour. The advantage of the gantry type double probe contact coordinate measuring machine is the volume of 6 Du Gonghuan, Zhu Zhemin, Gong Xiufen. Acoustic basis. Nanjing: Nanjing University Press, 2001 Author: Huang, Mianyang, China Academy of Engineering Physics machinery (editing character Jo steel) (: 2002-11 * 11) small, easy to operate, but the work space is limited, suitable for measuring small Workpiece. The structure used in this paper is as shown in the figure. It is a manual double-probe contact coordinate measuring machine. The motion control in the coordinate direction and the contact sensing of the probe are completely done manually. The worktable 2 is on the base 1; the gantry 3 can move back and forth along the guide rails on the base 1; the carriage 7 is fixedly mounted on the gantry 3, and the cross member 5 can move up and down along the guide rails on the carriage 7; 8 is mounted on the same sliding bar on the beam 5 (no need to use the ball screw nut pair). The movement of the two probes is carried out by the hand; the movement of the gantry 3 and the beam 5 is driven by the handles 10 and 6, respectively. The screw nut pair is completed; the shape of the two probes can be a right angle elbow type so that the coordinates of the concave point can be measured; the coordinate measurement of each coordinate direction is completed by the displacement sensor plus the measuring circuit. The principle of the measurement circuit is as shown. 2 circuit and software design displacement sensor can use grating or magnetic grid displacement sensor, using TLC2543 12-bit string A / D converter sampling module to achieve the conversion from analog to digital. The MAX3232 RS microcontroller program mainly includes a serial data acquisition module and a serial data transmission module. The basic structure is: the lower computer (single chip system) completes the signal detection, A/D conversion and simple control functions, and is connected to the upper computer (PC) through the system bus (such as RS*232C) to monitor and control, forming the main From the structure. The MCU is the core of the whole system. The TLC2543 collects the input analog signal, and the conversion result is received by the MCU through the 9-pin. The channel selection and mode data of the AD chip is input to its internal 8-bit address and control register via pin 8. The data collected by the MCU is converted to the RS232 level to the host computer through the serial port (3, 2 feet). MOVR030H; Data buffer first address 30H*R0 ACALLRD-AD The first read conversion result may be inaccurate, discard ACALLRD-AD to send 1 channel mode/channel data and read 0 channel conversion result MOVR0R2; conversion result is stored in data Under the buffer is the same as ACALLRD-AD; send 2 channel mode / channel data and read the first channel conversion result The essential function of the serial port is as the transcoder between the CPU and the serial device. When data is sent from the CPU through the serial port, the byte data is converted to a serial bit. When receiving data, the serial bits are converted to byte data. The main signal line definition: 2 feet one transmission data TXD; 3 feet one receiving data RXD; 4 feet one request to send RTS; 5 feet one clear to send CTS; 6 feet one data device ready DSR; 20 feet one data terminal ready DTR; Foot-data carrier detection DCD; 1 foot-protection ground; 7-pin-signal ground. Most computer applications and smart units can operate with only three to five signal lines. At this time, in addition to TXD, RXD, but also need to use Ding 3, Ding 3, 00, 0 Ding, 03 only signal lines. There are two ways to communicate serially in VC++. One is to use Microsoft ActiveControl Control provided by Microsoft Corporation, which can communicate easily using the serial port. First add the control to the application's dialog, then use ClassWizard to generate the corresponding object. The other is to access the serial port directly with VC++. Because the implementation of the function is relatively simple, this article uses the first method. Serial port initialization / * set TEXT buffer input mode * / m - comm. SetRthresHold (1) / * each time a character is received to trigger OnComm () event * / receive data manufacturing branch and machine tool open CNC system PMC software Modular structure and development method Chang Xiaoling Shajie Liu Tactics (Zhengzhou Industrial College) + language modular PMC program structure and software development method, summarizing the general debugging steps of modular PMC software coordinated with mechanical adjustment. Since the 1990s, the open architecture CNC system based on industrial PC has become the mainstream of CNC system development at home and abroad. This CNC system can effectively run various application systems on different platforms and has flexible settings. It is a basic unit of various advanced manufacturing systems, with high cost performance, convenient system maintenance, fast replacement and upgrade, sharing of computer resources, easy network realization, and convenient secondary development for users. Traditional PMC programs generally use ladder diagrams. The open architecture CNC system can provide higher-level, more flexible and efficient high-level languages, such as C or C for ten languages ​​for users to develop PMC software. This paper takes the INCON-M40F numerical control system of Zhiyan Company to control the H400 horizontal machining center as an example to discuss the internal real-time data connection of the open CNC system, the modular PMC software structure and the general method of PMC software development and debugging. 1NC-PMC-Real-time data connection between the machine body The control core of the INCON-M40F CNC system is a 32-bit 80586 CPU chip. The CNC system makes full use of the rich resources of the computer system, and uses the hard disk as a large-capacity buffer memory with 3. 5 The inch floppy drive can be connected to a CAD workstation for DNC processing and has network capabilities. The main program of the CNC system interrupts the processing of the user PMC program at intervals of 8 ms. The same CPU runs both the NC basic function program and the user PMC program. The signal connection between the system NC software module, the PMC software module and the machine body is as shown. For the machining center body, the PMC module directly collects the second operation panel control signal and the field sensor signal, and controls the contactor, the solenoid valve, and the like to perform mechanical logic actions. The connection between the two is very straightforward, and each associated signal corresponds to the I/O point on the hardware. Therefore, the I/O point allocation of the PMC can represent the signal connection between the PMC and the machine body. The INCON-M40F CNC system can expand 64 inputs and 32 output signals. Directly through the serial data transmission module RS? 232 from the serial port of the single-chip microcomputer after level conversion and sent to the serial port COM1 or COM2 of the host computer (IBM PC compatible machine) to form a serial data acquisition serial data transmission. Thereby the result of the measurement is displayed on the microcomputer display. Error correction can be performed here. 3 Conclusion This paper analyzes the limitations of the existing measurement methods in the contour size measurement, and proposes a new type of three-coordinate measuring machine tool, a pair of probe contact manual coordinate measuring machine, and introduces its mechanical part and circuit part in detail. Design principles and methods. 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