Studying the growth and distribution of cotton root system and its influencing factors to understand the physiological characteristics of the root system is of great significance for shaping the cotton high-yield population, formulating scientific planting patterns and fertilizer and water management technologies, regulating crop growth and yield formation, and realizing high-yield and high-quality cultivation of crops. . Because the root system is distributed in the soil, it is far less intuitive than the above-ground characteristics, which brings difficulties to the observation, making people's perception of it lag behind the research and understanding of the aboveground.
Root analysis by the root analyzer revealed that the amount of water in the soil had a direct effect on the growth of cotton roots in the soil. The higher the soil moisture is, the shallower the root distribution and the smaller the root-crown ratio; the root length and root weight are all increased when water deficit occurs, and the ratio of root to crown is also increased. However, when the water is excessive, the deep root system of cotton will increase, and the root-crown ratio will also increase. In addition, the results of different depth irrigation studies on cotton roots show that cotton roots have strong water-fastness and can adapt to changes in moisture quickly during vigorous growth. In order to quantitatively study the effect of water on cotton root parameters, related model studies have also been carried out at home and abroad.
Different irrigation methods resulted in a variety of changes in the root system. Under the drip irrigation with small droplets under the membrane, the cotton roots closely surrounded the mouth of the drip tube, the distribution range was narrow and deep, and the root structure was compact; while the water content under the dripper flow was significant. Higher, the distribution of cotton roots is broad and shallow, and the root structure is loose. The distribution of main lateral root growth of cotton roots with different irrigation methods is different, and the two-dimensional plane geometry formed in the soil is also quite different. The conventional furrow irrigation is characterized by “vertical broken and umbrella†or “sectorâ€, and the drip irrigation under the root of the film is drip irrigation. The band and the inside of the membrane are dense, showing a very asymmetrical configuration, and the membrane infiltrating irrigation shows a "horse tail type". Root-zone irrigation is a new breakthrough in conventional irrigation ideas. It can achieve water-saving irrigation in cotton fields, and the dry root weight of cotton alternately irrigated alternately is higher than that of subarea fixed irrigation.
Through analysis and research of the root analyzer, it can be concluded that the cotton roots and the above-ground plants are organically united, and both of them influence each other during the growth and development. Based on the large-scale development of cotton roots and shoots, the correlations between root and shoot morphology and physiology, especially the research on mutual regulation mechanism and signal transduction, need to be strengthened.
The growth of the crop is inseparable from the healthy roots, because the roots are constantly fixing the plants, and it is the underground organs that the crop absorbs water and nutrients. People's importance to the root system is also gradually strengthened, and the research progress of crop roots has also made significant progress. As a kind of economic crop, the growth distribution of cotton roots is relatively large due to variety, cultivation and environmental factors. Different environments, the distribution of cotton roots in the soil is different, but it is also regularly available. The analysis of cotton roots can be done with a root analyzer, an instrument dedicated to the analysis of crop roots.