Basic understanding of the construction of the ore dressing plant

(A) site dressing plant in general should be as close to the mine. However, processing high grade ore or fine mineral plurality of metal concentrator, when a user close proximity with mining, or limited reasons water, electricity, fuel supply, is also close to the user, or factory built in the user area, so that beneficiation The concentrate bin of the plant is integrated with the user's storage silo to save investment; for some precious metal concentrators, in order to avoid the loss of concentrate in the bulk transport, or the concentrate of some concentrators must be dry When the user has waste heat available for use, the concentrator can be brought close to the user, and even the selected concentrate slurry can be directly sent to the smelting plant for dehydration treatment; when the mine resources are dispersed, it is necessary to concentrate on the ore dressing. At the time of the factory, it is advisable to choose the site between the mine and the user reasonably, in order to obtain the same raw ore and concentrate, and the combined freight rates of the two are the lowest.

When the mine is near the mine, the concentrator should avoid building on the ore body, the magnetic anomaly zone, the collapse limit and the blasting danger zone.

(2) The topography of the site should be as suitable as possible for the process of the concentrator. The topographic conditions of the concentrator, in addition to meeting the site area requirements, it is best to make the ore slurry self-flow, followed by semi-self-flow, and finally for pressure delivery. Generally, the suitable terrain of the crushing plant is about 25°, and the main building is about 15°. If there is no such ideal terrain condition, even when the factory is to be built on the ground, considering the drainage needs of the plant, the site should still have a natural slope of 4%-5%. The semi-autogenous concentrator of the slurry requires a topographic slope between the two.

(3) It is necessary to implement the principle of saving land. Whether it is to build a factory on a hillside or in a flat land, under the premise of meeting the production needs, it is necessary to occupy as little land as possible, especially if it does not occupy or occupy the land. For tailings ponds, reclamation should be considered when conditions permit.

(4) The volume of the tailings pond is compatible with the service life of the concentrator. The valley or depression in a low concave shape should be selected to minimize the earthwork and maximize the storage capacity. The location of the tailings pond should be as close as possible to the concentrator to save the cost of tailings transportation. When conditions permit, we must strive to achieve self-flow or semi-self-flow. It should also prevent the harm or pollution of tailings to the environment, rivers, special agricultural fishery production and residential areas.

(5) Water supply conditions: The water treatment capacity of the ore dressing plant is large, and some operations also require water quality. Therefore, under the premise that the water quality and water quantity meet the production and living needs, the site of the concentrator should be as close as possible to the water source, avoiding a lot of water in the vicinity; special attention should be paid not to compete with agriculture.

(6) Power supply conditions: The concentrator must have reliable power supply and shorten the transmission line as much as possible. Where conditions permit the use of power grid power supply, it should be used as much as possible to avoid the increase of investment and operation and management costs for self-built power plants.

(7) It is necessary to have appropriate traffic conditions. The raw ore, the various consumables and the finished concentrates that are imported into the plant should have convenient transportation conditions. Rail transport to facilitate the integration with the national trunk reduces a dedicated line construction; road transport to facilitate the convergence of national highways; waterway transport to facilitate sharing existing dock or select a suitable location needs a new marina.

(8) The site should have good engineering geological conditions. The site should be avoided in faults, landslides and flood levels, and should avoid karst caves, silt, humus, potholes, ancient wells and other unfavorable sections or cultural relics. The soil carrying capacity of the plant area is generally required to be greater than 100kN/m2, and the requirements for heavy construction sites such as crushing plant, main plant of mine dressing, and mining bins are not less than 200 kN/m2. It is not suitable to be built in the earthquake zone of Grade 9 or above or the collapsible loess zone of Grade III or above. plant. The groundwater level at the site should not be too high to reduce the complexity of infrastructure and infrastructure costs.

(9) Pay attention to environmental protection. The site of the ore dressing should be selected as far as possible in the downwind direction of the town or residential area to minimize the pollution of dust, smoke and other emissions to the environment.

(10) The location of the living area of ​​the mineral processing plant shall be selected in accordance with the principles of favorable production, convenient living and full cooperation. Residential areas should not be too far from the factory area, and transportation links should be convenient.

(11) For mines with development prospects, the concentrator should have room for expansion.

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