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Welded steel pipe, also known as a welded tube, is a type of steel pipe manufactured by rolling steel plates or strips and then welding them together. This process makes it a cost-effective and widely used option in various industries. Compared to seamless steel pipes, welded pipes typically have lower strength, but they offer greater flexibility in terms of size, shape, and production volume. Since the 1930s, advancements in continuous rolling technology and improved welding techniques have significantly enhanced the quality of welded steel pipes, making them suitable for more demanding applications.
There are two main types of welded steel pipes: straight seam and spiral seam. Straight seam welded pipes are produced with a simple manufacturing process, offering high efficiency and lower costs. They are commonly used for smaller diameter pipes where structural integrity is sufficient. On the other hand, spiral seam welded pipes have higher strength due to their helical weld design, although they require more time and material to produce, resulting in longer weld seams and slower production speeds. As a result, larger diameter pipes often use spiral welding to achieve better performance.
Welded steel pipes for low-pressure fluid transportation (GB/T 3091-2008) are also referred to as general welded pipes or black pipes. These pipes are designed for conveying fluids like water, gas, air, oil, and steam at low pressures. They come in different wall thicknesses—ordinary and thickened—and can be either threaded or smooth-ended. In addition to direct use in fluid transport, they are often used as the base material for galvanized welded pipes.
Galvanized welded steel pipes (GB/T 3091-2008), also known as white pipes, are coated with a layer of zinc to prevent corrosion. They are widely used in water supply systems, gas pipelines, and heating applications. Their specifications are usually indicated by nominal diameters in inches, such as 1/2", 3/4", 1", etc., which correspond to approximate inner diameters.
Other specialized types include ordinary carbon steel wire conduits (YB/T 5305-2006), used in electrical installations, and metric electric welded steel pipes (GB/T 13793-2008), commonly used in structural applications. For pressurized fluid transportation, spiral submerged arc welded pipes (SY/T 5037-2000) and high-frequency welded pipes (SY/T 5038-2000) are preferred due to their high pressure resistance and durability. Additionally, spiral-welded steel pipes for low-pressure fluid transport (SY/T 5039-2000) and pile foundations (SY/T 5768-2000) are widely used in construction and infrastructure projects.